Welcome to my blog, today we are going to discuss fully about the body liver. After this topic, readers should be able to describe the location of the body liver in the abdominal cavity, describe the structure of a liver lobule and also outline the functions of the liver

Composition Of Bile

Between 500 and 1000ML of bile is secreted by the liver daily. Bile consist of

• Water
• Mineral salt
• Mucus
• Bile salts
• Cholesterol

Structure Of The Body Liver

The lobes of the liver are made up of tiny functional units, called lobules, which are just visible to the naked eye . Liver lobules are hexagonal in outline and are formed by cuboidal cells, the hepatocytes, arranged in pairs of columns radiating from a central vein. Between
two pairs of columns of cells are sinusoids (blood vessels with incomplete walls,containing a mixture of blood from the tiny branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery. This arrangement allows the arterial blood and portal venous blood (with a high concentration of nutrients) to mix and come into close contact with the liver cells. Amongst the cells lining the sinusoids are hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) whose function
is to ingest and destroy worn out blood cells and any foreign particles present in the blood flowing through the liver. Blood drains from the sinusoids into central or centrilobular veins. These then merge with veins from other lobules, forming larger veins, until eventually they become the hepatic veins, which leave the liver and empty
into the inferior vena cava of blood flow through the body liver. One of the functions of body liver is to secrete bile. I’d use seen that bile canaliculi run between the coloumns of body liver cells .This means that each column of hepatocytes has a blood sinusoid on one side and a bile canaliculus on the other. The canaliculi join up to form larger bile canals until eventually they form the right and left hepatic ducts, which drain bile from the liver. Lymphoid tissue and a network of lymph vessels are present in each lobule.

Read more on: What is a balanced Diet

Storage Of The Body Liver

The body liver stores substances include

• Glycogen
• Iron,copper
• fat-soluble vitamins A.D.E.K

Functions Of The Body Liver

The liver is an extremely active organ, which has many important functions that are described below:

Carbohydrate Metabolism

The liver has an important role in maintaining plasma glucose levels. After a meal when levels rise, glucose is converted to glycogen for storage under the influence of the hormone insulin. Later, when glucose levels fall, the hormone glucagon stimulates conversion of glycogen into glucose again, keeping levels within the normal range

Fat metabolism

Stored fat can be converted to a form in which it can be used by the tissues to provide energy.

Protein metabolism

Deamination of amino acids. This process:
removes the nitrogenous portion from amino acids that are not required for the formation of new protein; urea is formed from this nitrogenous portion and is excreted in urine breaks down nuclei acids (genetic material,e.g. DNA) to form uric acid, which is excreted in the urine.

Transamination.

Removes the nitrogenous portion of
amino acids and attaches it to other carbohydrate molecules forming new nonessential amino acids

synthesis of plasma proteins.

These are formed from amino acids and include albumins, globulins and blood clotting factors.

Breakdown of erythrocytes and defence
against microbes

This is carried out by phagocytic hepatic macrophages (Kupffer cells) in the sinusoids although breakdown of red blood cells also takes place in the spleen and bone marroW.

Detoxification of drugs and toxic substances

These include ethanol (alcohol), waste products and microbial toxins. Some drugs are extensively inactivated by the body liver and are not very effective when given by mouth (orally), e.g. glyceryl trinitrate. This is because after absorption from the alimentary tract, they travel
in the blood to the liver where they are largely metabolised so that levels in the blood leaving the liver and Which enters the systemic circulation are inadequate to achieve therapeutic effects. This is known as ‘first pass metabolism’

Inactivation of hormones

These include insulin, glucagon, cortisol, aldosterone, thyroid and sex hormones.

Production of heat

The liver uses a Considerable amount of energy, has a high on frabolia rate and consequentay produces a great deal.Wheat. It is ine main heat proaucing organ of the body.

Read more on : Diva White Lotion

What Is The Body Liver

The liver is the largest gland in the body,weighing
between 1 and 2.3 kg. It is situated in the upper part of the abdominal cavity occupying the greater part of the right hypochondriac region, part of the epigastric region and extending into the left hypochondriac region. Its upper and anterior surfaces are smooth and curved to fit
the under surface of the diaphragm; its poste-
rior surface is irregular in outline

Organs Associated With The Liver